- #Phq 9 adolescent validity and reliability how to#
- #Phq 9 adolescent validity and reliability manual#
Future studies may further validate this instrument in specific language and cultural groups, and explore the cross–cultural measurement equivalence. Based on the psychometric properties found in this study, it can be concluded that the PHQ–9 is a valid measure of depression in two of the samples selected for this study. The construct validity obtained in this research indicates that the PHQ–9 may be a valid measure to identify depression in a South African context.
Exploratory factor analyses yielded two factors in all groups with the second factor comprised of no more than 2 items and thus interpreted as a minor factor.The percentage variance explained ranged between 34.71% and 46.62%. Confirmatory factor analysis for the PHQ–9 yielded a one–factor solution in all groups. PHQ-9 has been widely used to assess depressive symptoms in adolescents 36, 37. Reliability and validity in the general population, as well as in patients with mental disorders, have been demonstrated 34, 35. Criterion–related validity was supported by significant correlations between the PHQ–9 and criterion measures. The PHQ-9 has a good internal consistency, with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient between 0.80 and 0.90 3033. The PHQ–9 manifested a Cronbach Alph are liability index of 0.86. Instruments to determine criterion validity were the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), designed to detect symptoms of mental disorders the Mental Health Continuum - Short Form for Adults (MHC–SF) which measures the degree of emotional, social and psychological well–being and the New General Self–Efficacy Scale (NGSE) designed to measure an individual’s general self–efficacy.ĭescriptive statistics for the PHQ–9 including its reliability in the various groups is reported. The PHQ–9 was administered with criterion related measures to a multicultural convenience sample of 2214 participants from the North West Province of South Africa, including two groups of adolescents (n1 = 1480 and n2 = 559) and an availability sample of adults (n3 = 185). The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ–9) is a nine–item depression scale that has the potential of being a dual–purpose instrument to establish the diagnosis of a depressive disorder, as well as the grade of symptom severity (Kroenke, Spitzer & Williams, 2001). This study forms part of the project of Psychosocial Health and Biomarkers in an African context (FORT3, Wissing, 2008). With HAMD as the standard, PHQ-9 depression scores of 7, 15, and 21 points were used as cut-offs for mild, moderate, and severe depression, respecti.This research was aimed at validating the PHQ–9 in an African context. To use the PHQ-9 to aid in the diagnosis of dysthymia: The dysthymia question (In the past year) should be endorsed as yes.
#Phq 9 adolescent validity and reliability how to#
A total PHQ-9 score > 10 (see below for instructions on how to obtain a total score) has a good sensitivity and specificity for MDD. The internal consistency values of PHQ-9 and PHQ-2 were 0.854 and 0.727, respectively. and by a 1, 2, or 3 in question 9) should be followed up by interview. The sensitivity and specificity, as well as the positive and negative predictive values, were calculated for different cutoff scores of PHQ-9 and PHQ-2. PHQ-9 total score showed a positive correlation with HAMD-17 total score (r=0.610, P<0.001). The concurrent validity was tested by examining associations between PHQ-9 and BDI.
Results: Principal components factor analysis showed good construct validity of the PHQ-9. The correlation between total score and scores for each item and the correlation between scores for various items were evaluated using Spearman correlation coefficient. The internal concordance coefficient and the test-retest correlation coefficients were used for reliability analysis. For validity analysis, the construct validity and criterion validity were assessed. Two weeks after the initial evaluation, 54 randomly selected patients underwent repeat assessment using PHQ-9.
#Phq 9 adolescent validity and reliability manual#
Methods: 109 outpatients or inpatients with MDD who qualified the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) criteria completed PHQ-9 and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17). Background: To assess the reliability and validity of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and to assess the feasibility of its use in psychiatric hospitals in China.
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